I'd second the recommendation to consider your threat models: For example, for a gym-locker lock,
a) by the weakest-link principle, there's only so much protection a high-end padlock can give you because most lockers themselves are rather flimsy, so I'd hesitate to spend $150-200+ there -- it would be like putting an ANSI Grade 1 deadbolt on a screen door.
b) in a locker room, thieves would be going for quick hits to avoid getting caught in the act, which means the most likely threats would probably be either a small/medium set of bolt-cutters or a set of bought/improvised shims. Bumping would make way too much noise, and picking would take too long, assuming they're not a locksmith, a lock-sport champ, or Jason Bourne. Therefore, feature-wise I'd emphasize resistance to shackle-cutting and shimming. Even a lot of lower-end lock makers have wised up and added shim resistance in recent years, but the cutting-resistance part is tougher here given that the relatively small latch on most lockers limits the shackle diameter, and many shrouded locks would be too bulky to fit well. My personal recommendation here would be a disc-type padlock like the
Abus Diskus, which has a pretty flat, compact profile and a shackle that should fit most lockers. It offers very limited access to the shackle when locked, and it's shim-proof for the same reason -- not to mention it comes in at around $20, which is probably why it's a popular lock type in the self-storage industry.
For luggage locks, you tend to run into the same problem as with gym lockers -- it's kind of pointless to find a lock that's stronger than the door/container. But it's hard to recommend something specific without knowing more about the type of bag and where you're looking to protect it.
For hotel/motel room doors, there are a couple of popular lock types (both of which are only usable when you're in the room and require no hardware installation): door-frame jams that insert next to the door handle, and door-stop-type locks that use friction to keep the door from opening, bracing either from the handle/knob or the bottom of the door. I've pasted links for some representative examples of both types below.
Door-jam-type locks:https://www.amazon.com/Travelers-Securi ... B00AFN2NKWhttps://www.amazon.com/Universal-Portab ... B07Z7HR1YDDoor-stop-stop-locks:https://www.amazon.com/Master-Lock-Secu ... YUX8I?th=1https://www.amazon.com/Security-Portabl ... B07QQS7CQ4