During my college days in the bitter Michigan winter the tubular U-Lock for my bicycle would occasionally get completely frozen up, and as a quick fix I used to breathe into the keyway for a minute or two so the key would work. That Masterlock lived up to its reputation; one morning I went to unlock the bike and someone had stolen the front wheel out of frustration, because they tried and failed to cut the U-lock with bolt cutters

Still had to get a new wheel though
I didn't have a clue as to how locks worked back then, but now it seems to me WD-40 or antifreeze (which are not exotic chemicals and should be easily available) would make quick work of the problem. I think the battery method that the OP detailed would work too, but it seems a bit too complex for the task, at least to me.